Thursday, March 17, 2011
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
7:39 AM | 
Posted by
Arif Siregar
Etiology
Allergic contact dermatitis is a skin inflammation that arises after contact with allergens through the process of sensitization. Usually allergens in the form of heavy metals (nickel), cosmetics (lipstick, powder, deodorant, hair dye, nail polish), accessories (sunglasses, watches, necklaces, earrings), drugs (mouthwash, toothpaste, penicillin), rubber (rubber gloves, rubber shoes, rubber sandals, condom), detergents, cement, plaster adhesives, pesticides, plant sap, insect bites, insect stings, and others. All parts of the body can be affected. Allergic contact dermatitis is only about people whose skin is very sensitive (hypersensitive). The mechanism of skin disorders in allergic contact dermatitis is to follow the 'cell-mediated immune response' or type IV reactions. Incidence of hypersensitivity reactions in the skin slow (delayed hypersensitivity), generally within 24 hours after exposure to allergens.
Clinical Overview
Patients generally always complained itching. Erythema (nummular until plaques) in the area of contact, then arise papules, vesicles in groups, and erosion (nummular until plaques). Sometimes the only form of macular hyperpigmentation with smooth squama.
Differential Diagnosis
Dermatophytosis, Atopic dermatitis, Seborrhoeic dermatitis, Psoriasis, Candidiasis.
Prognosis
Prognosis is generally good, as far as the allergic substances can be removed. The prognosis is not good and becomes chronic, when together with dermatitis by endogenous factors (atopic dermatitis, psoriasis), or when exposure to allergic substances that can not be avoided.
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